ORK-Banner0111.jpg
ORK-Banner05b.jpg
OKaJu_LOGO_Banner.jpg
ORK-Banner0222.jpg
ORK-Banner0333.jpg
ORK-Banner0444.jpg

ORK Main Menu

Les Lignes directrices sont destinées à renforcer la mise en œuvre de la Convention relative aux droits de l’enfant et des dispositions pertinentes des autres instruments internationaux relatives à la protection et au bien-être des enfants privés de protection parentale ou risquant de l’être.

Sur la base de ces instruments internationaux et compte tenu du corpus de connaissances et d’expériences qui se développe dans ce domaine, les Lignes directrices fixent des orientations souhaitables pour la politique et la pratique.

Elles sont destinées à être largement diffusées dans tous les secteurs directement ou indirectement concernés par les questions relatives à la protection de remplacement, et visent en particulier à :

a) Appuyer les efforts faits pour assurer le maintien ou le retour de l’enfant dans sa famille ou, à défaut, pour trouver une autre solution appropriée et permanente, y compris au moyen de l’adoption et de la kafala de droit islamique ;
b) Veiller à ce que, lors de la recherche de telles solutions permanentes ou dans les cas où ces solutions s’avèrent impossibles ou ne répondent pas à l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant, les formes de protection de remplacement les plus adaptées soient définies et mises en œuvre, dans des conditions qui favorisent le développement complet et harmonieux de l’enfant ;
c) Aider et encourager les gouvernements à mieux assumer leurs responsabilités et leurs obligations dans ces domaines, en gardant à l’esprit le contexte économique, social et culturel de chaque État ;
d) Guider les politiques, les décisions et les activités de toutes les entités concernées par la protection sociale et le bien-être des enfants tant dans le secteur public que dans le secteur privé, y compris la société civile.

The Committee on the rights of the Child (CRC)

is the organ composed of 18 independent experts who control the application of the Convention on the Rights of the Child by its member states. He also controls the application of the three optional protocols of the Convention, concerningt he

involvement of children in armed conflicts.
the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography
the communications procedure.

Comments and general recommendations

The Committee adopted general comments referring to special articles, provisions and themes on the Convention to help the member states to fulfill their obligations from the Convention on the rights of the Child and to stimulate international organizations and specialized institutions which are interested in the progressive and effective implementation of the rights recognized by the Convention. At any time, the members of the Committee can offer general comments concerning an article, a provision or a theme. The Committee can decide to develop general comments on an article, a provision or a theme, which was discussed earlier in one of his sessions of general debate.

The comments are available in French and English..

Nbre	Titel	Year
1	Article 29 (1): The aims of education	2001
2	The role of independent national human rights institutions in the promotion and protection of the rights of the child	2002
3	HIV/AIDS and the rights of the child	2003
4	Adolescent health and development in the context of the Convention on the Rights of the Child	2003
5	General measures of implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (arts. 4, 42 and 44, para. 6)	2003
6	Treatment of unaccompanied and seperated minors outside theiir country of origin	2005
7	Implementing child rights in early childhood	2006
8	The right of the child to protection from corporal punishment and other cruel or degrading forms of punishment (arts. 19; 28, para. 2; and 37, inter alia)	2006
9	The rights of children with disabilities	2007
10	Children’s rights in juvenile justice	2007
11	Indigenous children and their rights under the Convention	2009
12	The right of the child to be heard	2009
13	The right of the child to freedom from all forms of violence	2011
14	The right of the child to have his or her best interests taken as a primary consideration ( art . 3 , para. 1 )	2013
15	The right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health (art. 24)	2013
16	State obligations regarding the impact of the business sector on children’s rights	2013
17	The right of the child to rest, leisure, play, recreational activities, cultural life and the arts (art. 31)	2013
18	Joint general recommendation No. 31 of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women/general comment No. 18 of the Committee on the Rights of the Child on harmful practices	2014
19	Public budgeting for the realization of children’s rights (art. 4)	2016
20	The implementation of the rights of the child during adolescence	2016
21	Children in street situations	2017
22	Joint general comment No. 3 (2017) of the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families and No. 22 (2017) of the Committee on the Rights of the Child on the general principles regarding the human rights of children in the context of international migration**	2017
23	Joint general comment No. 4 (2017) of the Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families and No. 23 (2017) of the Committee on the Rights of the Child on State obligations regarding the human rights of children in the context of international migration in countries of origin, transit, destination and return	2017
24	On children’s rights in the child justice system	2019

The Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse or the so-called "Lanzarote Convention" adopted by the Secretary General of the Council of Europe in 2007 is a multilateral treaty that leads signatory states to criminalise certain acts of sexual abuse against children.

The text incorporates the main principles set out in the 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child and those arising from its 2000 Second Optional Protocol, but goes even further by imposing several provisions. Indeed, States are required to take the necessary measures to prevent sexual abuse of children, to protect child victims and to penalize perpetrators.

According to the text, this is done in different ways:

Better criminal instruments
International cooperation
Coordination of actions at national level
Systematic preventive measures, such as supervision of offenders and training of employees or volunteers working with children

Sexual abuse of children using new technologies is also addressed in this Convention.

The Convention's text in PDF format

The Declaration of the Rights of the Child adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1959 is the first

major international consensus to recognize the fundamental principles of children's rights.

The Preamble first recalls the main themes addressed in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights and

also refers to the 1924 Geneva Declaration and finally states that "because of his physical and intellectual

immaturity, (the child) needs special protection and care, including appropriate legal protection, before and after birth".

The text is supplemented by a nomenclature of fundamental principles, which are as follows:
The right to equality, without distinction of race, religion or nationality
The right to special attention for physical, mental and social development
The right to a name and nationality
The right to adequate food, housing and medical care
The right to special education and care in cases of mental or physical disability
The right to understanding and love of parents and society
The right to free education and recreational activities
The right to priority assistance in all circumstances
The right to protection against all forms of cruelty, negligence and exploitation
The right to education in a spirit of solidarity, understanding, friendship and justice between peoples

The Convention's text in PDF format

The European Convention on the Exercise of Children's Rights adopted by the Secretary General of the Council of Europe in 1996 was adopted with a view to granting children procedural rights that take their views into account in family matters affecting them.

This text recognizes the right of any minor under 18 years of age, provided that he or she has sufficient understanding, to be informed, heard and represented in the event of family court proceedings, specifically with regard to: